A Review of Black Hole attack on AODV Routing in MANET

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized access point such as a base station. MANET has potential applications in very unpredictable and dynamic environments. The nodes, which act as a host as well as a router, communicate to each other through multi hops due to limited transmission ranges. MANETs pose new kinds of security problems, caused by their nature of collaborative, open systems and by limited availability of resources. Unlike other types of network, MANETs are usually deployed without a centralized control unit. Hence, mutual cooperation amongst the participating entities forms the basis for determining the routes to the destination. This aspect makes MANETs vulnerable to various communication security related attacks including Black Hole attack. Therefore, the direct application of the conventional routing algorithms is infeasible. Black Hole attacks are launched by participating malicious nodes that agree to forward data packets to destination but eavesdrop or drop the packets intentionally, which not only compromise the network, but also degrade network performance. Routing protocols, which act as the binding force in these networks, are a common target of these nodes. According to our analysis, none of the existing attempts to secure MANETs is complete by itself. In this paper, a survey on secure Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing in MANET against Black Hole attack is presented. AODV is a prominent on-demand reactive routing protocol for MANETs based on distance vector routing. The route updates are shared not on a periodic but on an as requirement basis. The control packets create a potential vulnerability that is frequently exploited by malicious nodes. The paper further analyses the impact of Black Hole attack in AODV performance. KeywordsMobile ad hoc network (MANET); Secure AODV Routing; Black Hole attack